Introduction to Robotics in Orthopaedics: Background and Overview From an Engineering Perspective 

Description

The provided VTT transcript is a recorded presentation by Ferdinando Rodriguez y Baena discussing the advancements and future potential of surgical robotics in orthopedic surgery. He opens with an apology for not being able to attend in person and introduces the topic. Baena outlines the evolution of orthopedic surgery from low-tech tools to the integration of robotics and computer-aided surgeries that significantly enhance precision and outcomes.



He reviews the historical context, highlighting how traditional orthopedic procedures depended greatly on the surgeon's skill and experience, leading to the development of technologies such as computer-aided surgery and surgical robotics. The presentation discusses the current commercial systems available, including both active and passive robotic technologies that assist surgeons by either autonomously performing tasks or aiding in positioning equipment.



Baena explains the concept of cooperative robotics, which work alongside the surgeon to improve surgical outcomes, introducing systems like MAKO from Stryker and CORI by Smith & Nephew as examples of this technology in practice. He shares insights from his own research in cooperative robotics and discusses its validation through clinical trials demonstrating superior accuracy compared to conventional methods.



As he moves into future developments, Baena touches upon new forms of less intrusive robotic systems capable of enhancing interaction with surgeons, advancements in imaging technology to better recognize anatomical structures, and the importance of delivering useful information in real-time during procedures. He emphasizes the role of augmented reality to enhance surgical visualization and planning, demonstrating how these emerging technologies can transform orthopedic surgery.



The presentation concludes with a call for closer collaboration between clinicians and engineers to further refine these technologies for practical applications in healthcare, expressing optimism about the ongoing innovations that will revolutionize surgical practices.

Specialties