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- Talk
- 18/05/2021
- UK
The Anterior-Posterior Stability of Partial, Combined Partial and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Description
In this presentation, Amy Garner from Imperial College London discusses a study on the Anterior-Posterior Stability of Partial, Combined Partial, and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). The talk begins with an overview of TKA, highlighting its effectiveness as a treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis, yet it notes an unsettling dissatisfaction rate of 25% among patients. Garner emphasizes the safety and effectiveness of Unicompartmental arthroplasty, while also identifying its limitations in cases of multiple compartment disease. A systematic review noted that a significant number of patients presenting for surgery had mild to moderate arthritis, prompting the discussion of alternative approaches like combined partial knee arthroplasty, which preserves bone and meniscus tissue.
The study involved a cadaveric analysis of knee stability under various conditions, with controlled dissection of ligaments and tendons, followed by kinematic loading tests to assess stability. The findings revealed significant differences in tibial translation and overall laxity between native knees and those undergoing different arthroplasty procedures. Notably, TKA exhibited over twice the laxity of the native knee, particularly in mid-flexion.
The conclusion drawn from the study suggests that preserving a functional ACL and meniscus can result in near-native stability in the knee, while total knee arthroplasty tends to compromise this stability significantly. This research contributes to the understanding of knee mechanics post-arthroplasty and indicates that selective preservation of knee structures could enhance surgical outcomes.